5. Növekedés, csökkenés A1C2 (70) – altémák

1. Növekedés (43) 2. Csökkenés (27)

accumulate verb /əˈkjuː.mjə.leɪt/ [I or T] felhalmoz, összegyűjt; felhalmozódik, felgyülemlik

The chemicals accumulate in your body.

boost verb /buːst/ [T] növel, fellendít

The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices.

Share prices were boosted by reports of the President's recovery.

Getting the job had really boosted her confidence.

broaden verb /ˈbrɔː.dən/ [I or T] szélesít, kiszélesít; szélesedik, kiszélesedik (tudás, tapasztalat, tevékenységi kör, stb.)

We need to broaden the range of services that we offer.

Travel broadens your mind.

exceed verb /ɪkˈsiːd/ [T] meghalad (mennyiségileg); túllép (mennyiséget)

Sales have exceeded $1 million so far this year.

gain verb /geɪn/ 2 fokozatosan elér vmit/növekszik vmi (méret, súly, mennyiség, stb.) (hízik, gyorsul, stb.) [T]

He's gained a lot of weight in the last few months.

The car gained speed going down the hill.

grow verb /grəʊ/ *(grew, grown) 3 nő, növekszik (több lesz) [I]

The number of people living alone grows each year.

hit verb /hɪt/ [T] *(hitting, hit, hit) 4 elér (helyet, helyzetet, állapotot)

Our profits have already hit $1 million.

increase verb /ɪnˈkriːs/ [I or T] növel; növekszik

Sales of laptops have increased over the last few years.

The cost of the project has increased dramatically/significantly since it began.

Gradually increase the temperature to boiling point.

maximize verb /ˈmæk.sɪm.aɪz/ [T] also UK: maximise maximalizál, maximálisan kihasznál/felfokoz

to maximize profits

mount verb /maʊnt/ 1 emelkedik, fokozódik [I]

Tension in the room was mounting.

overtake verb /ˌəʊ.vəˈteɪk/ *(overtook, overtaken) 2 előz, megelőz vmit (átv.) (nagyobb/több lesz vminél) [T]

Our US sales have now overtaken our sales in Europe.

We'd planned to hold a meeting tomorrow, but events have overtaken us.

pass verb /pɑːs/ 6 meghalad, túlhalad (számot, mennyiséget) [T]

Donations have passed the one million mark.

raise verb /reɪz/ [T] 2 emel, felemel (átv.) (mennyiséget, szintet)

The government plan to raise taxes.

They've certainly raised standards at the school.

One solution would be to raise prices.

reach verb /riːtʃ/ 2 elér (értéket, szintet, állapotot, stb.) [T]

The temperature is expected to reach 30°C today.

He's just reached the grand age of 95.

They easily reached their target/goal of raising £100,000.

I've reached the point where I can't take any more.

rise verb /raɪz/ [I] *(rose, risen) 3 emelkedik (szint, érték) (ár, hőmérséklet, infláció, stb.)

rising temperatures

Prices rose by 10 percent.

Inflation is rising by 2.1% a month.

soar verb /sɔːr/ [I] 1 szárnyal, magasba/magasra szökik (átv.) (gyorsan magas szintre nő) (ár, hőmérséklet, stb.)

House prices have soared.

surge verb /sɜːdʒ/ nekilódul (hirtelen növekszik) (ár, érdeklődés, stb.); előrelendül

Prices surged on the stock exchange.

widen verb /ˈwaɪ.dən/ [I or T] 2 kiszélesít; kiszélesedik (számban/mértékben)

Why not widen the discussion to include other points of view?

accumulation noun /əˌkjuː.mjəˈleɪ.ʃən/ [C or U] felhalmozás; felhalmozódás, felgyülemlés

Despite this accumulation of evidence, the government did nothing.

addition noun /əˈdɪʃ.ən/ 1 gyarapodás, gyarapítás [C]

Defender Matt Smith is the latest addition to the team.

expansion noun /ɪkˈspæn.tʃən/ [U] növekedés

These years saw the rapid expansion of the software industry.

explosion noun /ɪkˈspləʊ.ʒən/ [C] 2 robbanás (átv.) (hirtelen növekedés)

the recent population explosion

gain noun /geɪn/ [C or U] 1 növekedés, fejlődés

Side effects of the drugs may include tiredness, headaches or weight gain.

growth noun /grəʊθ/ [U or no plural] növekedés; fejlődés

A balanced diet is essential for healthy growth.

population growth

increase noun /ˈɪn.kriːs/ [C or U] növekedés

price/tax increases

There were 39, 000 new cases last year - an increase of 7 per cent.

Any increase in production would be helpful.

leap noun /liːp/ [C] ugrás (fejlődésben, növekedésben, stb.)

There was a big leap in profits last year.

This represents a great leap forward in technology.

rise noun /raɪz/ [C] 1 emelkedés (növekedés) (szinté, értéké)

a sudden temperature rise

a 5% rise in inflation

August has seen a large rise in the number of unemployed.

surge noun /sɜːdʒ/ [C] nekilódulás (hirtelen növekedés); előrelendülés

a surge in spending

additional adjective /əˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/ hozzáadott, külön

additional costs/problems

There will be an extra charge for any additional passengers.

growing adjective /ˈgrəʊ.ɪŋ/ növekvő

There is a growing awareness of the seriousness of this disease.

soaring adjective /ˈsɔːr.ɪŋ/ szárnyaló, magasba szökő (gyorsan magas szintre növekvő) (ár, hőmérséklet, stb.)

soaring property prices

steep adjective /stiːp/ 2 hatalmas, meredek (pl. növekedés)

There has been a steep increase/rise in prices.

up adverb /ʌp/ 4 fel (növelés/növekedés) (mennyiség, fok, hangerő, stb.)

Please speak up, I can't hear you.

The fire heats the room up within minutes.

The cost of car insurance is up, but not very much.

Phrasal verbs:

build up ↔ (sth) /bɪld/ növel vmit; növekszik vmi

This will help to build up his confidence.

Traffic usually builds up in the late afternoon.

go up /gəʊ/ 1 felmegy, emelkedik (átv.) (ár, hőmérséklet, stb.)

Food prices keep going up.

mount up /maʊnt/ emelkedik, nő, felgyülemlik

My homework is really mounting up this week.

pile up /paɪl/ halmozódik, felhalmozódik

My work's really starting to pile up.

Phrases and idioms:

a sharp rise/increase/drop, etc. éles/hirtelen emelkedés/növekedés/esés (gyors nagy változás)

a sharp drop in temperature

a sharp decline in the standard of living

There was a sharp rise/increase in the number of flu cases.

be running at sth vmilyen szinten van

Inflation is now running at 5.8%.

gather speed/strength/support, etc. felgyorsul/felerősödik/növeli a támogatottságot/stb. (növel vmit)

Finally, the train began to gather speed, and we were on our way.

go through the roof az egekbe nő (pl. ár)

The price of corn has gone through the roof recently.

more and more egyre több

More and more people are choosing not to buy a car.

stand at sth áll vmennyin (adott szinten, magasságon, mennyiségen van)

Inflation currently stands at 3 per cent.

4. lecke (A1) – 13. lecke (A2) – 29. lecke (B1) – 56. lecke (B2) – 84. lecke (C1) – 103. lecke (C2)