5. Növekedés, csökkenés A1C2 (70) – altémák

1. Növekedés (43) 2. Csökkenés (27)

control verb /kənˈtrəʊl/ [T] (-ll-) 3 szabályoz, ellenőriz (mértékét, növekedését vminek)

Fire crews struggled to control the fire.

No attempt was made to control the spread of the disease.

cut verb /kʌt/ *(cutting, cut, cut) 3 csökkent (árat, költséget, bért, stb.) [T]

to cut prices/costs

The company is cutting 300 jobs.

decline verb /dɪˈklaɪn/ 1 hanyatlik, gyengül [I]

His interest in the project declined after his wife died.

Car sales have declined by a quarter.

decrease verb /dɪˈkri:s/ [I or T] csökken; csökkent

Average house prices decreased by 15% last year.

diminish verb /dɪˈmɪn.ɪʃ/ [I or T] fogy, csökken; csökkent

Your pain should diminish gradually after taking these tablets.

dip verb /dɪp/ (-pp-) 2 hirtelen leereszkedik, csökken (mennyiség, szint) [I]

The number of students taking sciences has dipped sharply.

drop verb /drɒp/ (-pp-) 2 leesik, csökken, lecsökken; csökkent, lecsökkent [I or T]

The water level in the flooded region has finally begun to drop.

The land drops (away) sharply behind the house.

We've had to drop our prices because of the recession.

fall verb /fɔːl/ [I] *(fell, fallen) 2 esik, csökken

Demand for new cars has fallen recently.

The standard of his work has fallen during the year.

The temperature could fall below zero overnight.

Average temperatures fell by ten degrees.

The pound has fallen to its lowest-ever level against the dollar.

Share prices fell sharply this week.

lessen verb /ˈles.ən/ [I or T] csökken; csökkent (esélyt, kockázatot, hatást, fájdalmat, stb.)

Exercise and a healthy diet lessen the chance of heart disease.

Strengthen the legs and it lessens the strain on the knees.

lose verb /luːz/ *(lost, lost) 4 veszít, elveszít vmiből (kevesebb lesz belőle) [T]

I'm trying to lose weight.

He's losing his hair.

She lost a lot of blood in the accident.

to lose your memory/sight

lower verb /ˈləʊ.ər/ [T] 2 csökkent (mennyiséget, szintet); lehalkít

Interest rates have been lowered again.

Boil for 5 minutes, then lower the heat.

Please lower your voice.

We will never lower our standards.

minimize verb /ˈmɪn.ɪ.maɪz/ [T] also UK: minimise minimalizál, legkisebbre csökkent

Airport staff are trying to minimize the inconvenience caused to passengers.

narrow verb /ˈnær.əʊ/ 2 szűkül (csökken); szűkít (csökkent)

to narrow the gap between rich and poor

plunge verb /plʌndʒ/ (hirtelen) lezuhan/leesik (átv.) (ár, hőmérséklet, stb.) [I]

Temperatures plunged below zero.

reduce verb /rɪˈdjuːs/ [T] csökkent

to reduce air pollution

Prices have been reduced by almost 50 percent.

The number of employees was reduced from 500 to 300.

Do nuclear weapons really reduce the risk of war?

sink verb /sɪŋk/ *(sank, sunk) 2 csökken, hanyatlik (árfolyam, népesség, stb.); leszáll, aláhanyatlik (pl. nap) [I]

The sun glowed red as it sank slowly below the horizon.

Student numbers have sunk considerably this year.

cut noun /kʌt/ [C] 3 csökkenés, csökkentés

tax/job cuts

cutback noun /ˈkʌt.bæk/ [C] leépítés (költségeké, létszámé, stb.)

The company has made cutbacks and closed one of its factories.

decline noun /dɪˈklaɪn/ [C or U] hanyatlás, gyengülés, romlás

industrial decline

Home cooking seems to be on the/in decline.

a sharp decline in sales

She seemed to be recovering and then she went into a decline.

decrease noun /ˈdi:.kri:s/ [C or U] csökkenés; csökkentés

There has been a steady decrease in the number of visitors.

drop noun /drɒp/ 2 csökkenés [no plural]

a drop in crime

Manufacturers report a big drop in new orders.

fall noun /fɔːl/ [C usually no plural] 1 esés, csökkenés

the recent fall in the price of petrol

a fall in the unemployment rate

We could hear the rise and fall of voices in the other room.

reduction noun /rɪˈdʌk.ʃən/ [C or U] csökkenés; csökkentés; engedmény, árengedmény

a reduction in traffic

huge price reductions

Phrasal verbs:

come down /kʌm/ 2 lemegy (átv.) (ár, infláció, stb.)

House prices have come down recently.

Inflation is coming down.

cut down ↔ sth /kʌt/ 2 lerövidít, csökkent (mennyiséget, hosszt, méretet, stb.)

They've cut her hours down at work.

go down /gəʊ/ 1 lemegy, csökken (pl. ár, hőmérséklet, stb.)

House prices have gone down recently.

keep down ↔ sth /kiːp/ lenyom, alacsony szinten tart vmit (nem hagy nőni) (mennyiséget, szintet, méretet, súlyt. stb.)

I have to exercise to keep my weight down.

4. lecke (A1) – 13. lecke (A2) – 29. lecke (B1) – 56. lecke (B2) – 84. lecke (C1) – 103. lecke (C2)