2. Mód, eszköz, ok B1B2 (62) – altémák

1. Mód, eszköz (19) 2. Ok, cél, indok (25) 3. Hatás, következmény (18)

affect verb /əˈfekt/ [T] 1 hatást gyakorol vmire/vkire, befolyásol vmit/vkit

The divorce affected every aspect of her life.

Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.

cause verb /kɔːz/ [T] okoz vmit; késztet vmire

The difficult driving conditions caused several accidents.

The fire was caused by an electrical fault.

The bright light caused her to look away.

give verb /gɪv/ [T] *(gave, given) 5 kivált vkiből vmit (pl. érzést), előidéz/okoz vmt [+ two objects]

What you said has given me an idea.

The sudden noise gave me quite a shock.

This announcement will give hope to millions of sufferers.

make verb /meɪk/ [T] *(made, made) 3 vmilyenné tesz, vmilyen érzelmet/reakciót vált ki vkiben, okoz

What made you change your mind?

He really makes me laugh.

This photograph makes me look about 80!

It makes me so angry when he says that.

This heat makes me very tired.

mean verb /miːn/ [T] *(meant, meant) 5 jelent vmit (vmi eredménye/következménye van)

Lower costs mean lower prices.

These changes will mean better health care for everyone.

Advances in electronics mean that the technology is already available.

If we want to catch the 7.30 train, that will mean leaving the house at 6.00.

produce verb /prəˈdjuːs/ [T] 2 előidéz, okoz vmit

The prime minister's speech produced an angry response from the opposition.

Her remarks produced an awkward silence.

The drug produces a feeling of excitement.

consequence noun /ˈkɒnt.sɪ.kwənts/ [C] következmény

The ship sank with disastrous consequences.

Excessive drinking can have serious consequences for a person's health.

If you neglect your relationships like that, you'll suffer the consequences.

effect noun /ɪˈfekt/ eredmény, hatás, következmény [C or U]

The accident had a huge effect on her life.

We don't know the long-term effects of this drug.

impact noun /ˈɪm.pækt/ [C usually no plural or U] 1 hatás, befolyás (vkire/vmire)

Businesses are beginning to feel the full impact of the recession.

The new proposals were intended to soften the impact of the reformed tax system.

Her speech made a profound impact on everyone.

result noun /rɪˈzʌlt/ 1 eredmény, következmény (a következménye vminek) [C or U]

Most accidents are the result of human error.

Unemployment has risen as a direct result of new economic policies.

consequently adverb /ˈkɒnt.sɪ.kwənt.li/ következésképpen

I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat by the end of the holiday.

therefore adverb /ˈðeə.fɔːr/ következésképpen

We were unable to get funding and therefore had to abandon the project.

thus adverb /ðʌs/ (formal) ennek következtében; ilyen módon

They planned to reduce staff and thus to cut costs.

now conjunction /naʊ/ also: now that most hogy (egy új helyzet következményeként)

Now that I've got a car I can visit her more often.

You should help in the house more, now you're older.

She's enjoying the job now that she's got more responsibility.

Phrasal verbs:

lead to sth /liːd/ eredményez vmit

Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.

result in sth /rɪˈzʌlt/ eredményez, okoz vmit

The fire resulted in damage to their property.

Phrases and idioms:

as a result of sth következményeként vminek, vmi miatt

She died as a result of her injuries.

As a result of the pilots' strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.

due to köszönhető, betudható vkinek/vminek

A lot of her unhappiness is due to boredom.

Due to wet leaves on the line, this train will arrive an hour late.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Kiegészítendő kérdések (wh-questions) – Kiegészítendő kérdések megválaszolása

6. lecke (A1) – 16. lecke (A2) – 35. lecke (B1) – 62. lecke (B2) – 88. lecke (C1) – 107. lecke (C2)