2. Mód, eszköz, ok C1C2 (79) – altémák

1. Mód, eszköz (24) 2. Ok, cél, indok (32) 3. Hatás, következmény (23)

serve verb /sɜːv/ 3 szolgál vmilyen célra [I]

It's a very entertaining film but it also serves an educational purpose.

The spare bedroom also serves as a study.

He hopes his son's death will serve to warn others about the dangers of owning a gun.

Nothing serves to explain the violent fighting we have seen recently.

target verb /ˈtɑː.gɪt/ [T] céloz, megcéloz (átv. is) (piacot, közönséget, stb.)

The products are targeted at people in their late twenties.

cause noun /kɔːz/ 3 ok, indok (vmire) [U]

He's never given me any cause for concern.

grounds noun /graʊndz/ [plural] 1 ok, indok

He resigned on medical grounds.

justification noun /ˌdʒʌs.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ [C or U] indok

There's no justification for treating her so unfairly.

motivation noun /ˌməʊ.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən/ 2 motiváció, indíték [C]

What was the motivation for the attack?

target noun /ˈtɑː.gɪt/ [C] 3 célpont (átv.) (kritikáé, szemrehányásé, stb.) [usually no plural]

Recently she has been the target of a series of obscene phone calls.

dedicated adjective /ˈded.ɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ 2 egy adott célra készült/szolgáló/használt

a dedicated news channel

hence adverb /hens/ ebből eredően, ezért

He's got an interview today, hence the suit.

Drivers have been shown to adapt their behaviour according to perceived risk. Hence, if they are wearing seat belts, they tend to take more risks with their driving.

behind preposition /bəˈhaɪnd/ 4 vmi van/rejlik vmi mögött (ok, magyarázat, stb.)

What was the reason behind her decision to leave?

in preposition /ɪn/ 11 -va, -ve, -val, -vel, vmi folyományaként

In refusing to work abroad, she missed an excellent job opportunity.

The government banned tobacco advertising and, in doing so, contributed greatly to the nation's health.

Phrases and idioms:

be in sb's interest(s) érdekében áll vkinek

It may not be in your interests to change jobs so soon.

be intended for szán vmire/vkinek vmit

The book is intended for anyone who wants to learn more about the Internet.

The course is intended for intermediate-level students.

be meant for sb/sth szánják vminek/vkinek

These toys are really meant for babies.

be meant to do sth rendeltetése vminek, való vmire (pl. egy eszköznek)

The belt is meant to hold you in.

by the same token ugyanezen az alapon, ugyanilyen okból/módon

You have to let people know your plans in good time and, by the same token, they should give you some advance warning.

by virtue of sth vmi alapján/révén (vmi által/miatt) (formal)

She succeeded by virtue of hard work rather than talent.

by way of sth valamiként, vmi gyanánt, vmiképpen (céljából/eszközeként/formájaként)

He sent me some flowers by way of apology.

She rolled her eyes by way of an answer and left.

He received £500 by way of compensation from the company.

direct sth against/at/towards, etc. sb/sth irányul vmi ellen/vmire/vmi felé/stb. vki/vmi

The demonstrators' anger was directed at the police.

for sb's benefit kedvéért vkinek, hasznára/javára vkinek

We bought the piano for the children's benefit.

how come hogyhogy, hogy lehet az hogy (informal)

How come you didn't go to the party?

in favour of sb/sth a kedvéért vminek/vkinek (előnyben részesítve vmit/vkit)

They dropped him from the team in favour of a much younger player.

in the interest(s) of sth vmi érdekében

In the interest of safety, passengers are advised to wear their seat belts at all times.

in the name of sth vki/vmi nevében (vkire/vmire hivatkozva)

So much blood has been spilt in the name of religion.

on the basis of sth vmi alapján, valamiért

Marks are awarded on the basis of progress and performance.

on the grounds of/that vmilyen okból/okokból/alapon

You cannot discriminate on the grounds of religion.

I refused on the grounds that it was too risky.

serve a/the purpose vmilyen célt szolgál

These small village shops serve a very useful purpose.

so as not to do sth azért hogy ne ...

He went in very quietly so as not to wake the baby.

the object of sth célja/tárgya vminek

The object of the game is to score more points than the opposing team.

The object of the exercise is to complete the task within the time limit.

the root of sth gyökere vminek, alapvető oka vminek

We must get to the root of this problem.

Money is said to be the root of all evil.

what with mivel ..., mivelhogy ..., ... miatt (a helyzethez vezető okok felsorolása) (informal)

I'm tired, what with travelling all day yesterday and sleeping badly.

with a view to doing sth azzal a céllal (, hogy ...) (formal)

He's doing some improvements on the house with a view to selling it.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Kiegészítendő kérdések (wh-questions) – Kiegészítendő kérdések megválaszolása

6. lecke (A1) – 16. lecke (A2) – 35. lecke (B1) – 62. lecke (B2) – 88. lecke (C1) – 107. lecke (C2)