2. Küzdelem, kitartás A1C2 (94) – altémák

1. Küzdelem, fáradozás (40) 2. Eltökéltség, kitartás (54)

commit verb /kəˈmɪt/ [T] (-tt-) 2 elkötelezi magát (vmire)

He committed himself to helping others.

persist verb /pəˈsɪst/ [I] 2 (makacsul) ragaszkodik vmihez, (rendületlenül) tovább csinál vmit

He persists in calling me Jane, even though I've corrected him twice.

vow verb /vaʊ/ [T] esküszik, fogadalmat tesz vmire

She vowed that she would never leave the children again.

I've vowed never to go there again.

ambition noun /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/ 2 ambíció, törekvés, érvényesülési vágy; becsvágy [U]

My sister always had more ambition than I did.

aspiration noun /ˌæs.pərˈeɪ.ʃən/ [C usually plural] törekvés, ambíció

I've never had any political aspirations.

commitment noun /kəˈmɪt.mənt/ 1 elkötelezettség (vmire) [C or U]

She is known chiefly for her commitment to human rights.

I'd like to thank the staff for having shown such commitment.

cost noun /kɒst/ 2 az ára vminek (átv.) (vmi elérésének) [U or no plural]

He rescued four people at the cost of his own life.

She finally got the job she wanted, but at great personal cost.

It's not worth getting into an argument with Tim, as I learned to my cost.

dedication noun /ˌded.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ [U] odaadás, elkötelezettség; ajánlás, dedikálás (pl. könyvé)

She thanked the staff for their dedication and enthusiasm.

determination noun /dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ [U] eltökéltség

She shows great determination to learn English.

He will need great determination and skill to win this match.

drive noun /draɪv/ 3 energia, vállalkozókedv [U]

She has drive and ambition.

eagerness noun /ˈiː.gə.nəs/ [U] buzgóság, türelmetlenség

In their eagerness to find a solution, they have overlooked certain difficulties.

enterprise noun /ˈen.tə.praɪz/ 2 vállalkozó szellem [U]

The scheme shows imagination and enterprise.

perseverance noun /ˌpɜː.sɪˈvɪə.rənts/ [U] kitartás, állhatatosság (vkié)

Hard work and perseverance do pay off in the end.

persistence noun /pəˈsɪs.tənts/ [U] kitartás, szívósság (vkié/vmié); tartós fennállás

He has been campaigning on road safety for years - you have to admire his persistence.

price noun /praɪs/ 2 ár, áldozat (kellemetlen következménye vminek) [no plural]

Suspension from the club was a high/small price to pay for his mistake.

resolution noun /ˌrez.əlˈuː.ʃən/ 2 elhatározás (szándék/magának tett fogadalom) [C]

My New Year's resolution is to do more exercise.

resolve noun /rɪˈzɒlv/ [U] (formal) eltökéltség, elhatározottság

The training was tough, but his resolve never wavered.

vow noun /vaʊ/ [C] eskü, fogadalom

marriage vows

I made a vow that I would write to him once a week.

will noun /wɪl/ 1 akarat, akaraterő [C or U]

From an early age she had a very strong will.

After six months in hospital she began to lose the will to live.

willpower noun /ˈwɪl.paʊər/ [U] akaraterő

It takes great willpower to lose weight.

aggressive adjective /əˈgres.ɪv/ 2 rámenős, törtető

an aggressive marketing campaign

committed adjective /kəˈmɪt.ɪd/ elkötelezett

a committed Christian

She's committed to the job.

consistent adjective /kənˈsɪs.tənt/ következetes, konzekvens

consistent effort/improvement

dedicated adjective /ˈded.ɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ 1 odaadó, elkötelezett

a dedicated teacher

desperate adjective /ˈdes.pər.ət/ 1 mindenre elszánt; kétségbeesett

The doctors made one last desperate attempt/effort to save the boy's life.

They made a desperate appeal for help.

determined adjective /dɪˈtɜː.mɪnd/ eltökélt, elszánt, céltudatos

I'm determined to get this piece of work finished today.

She's sure to get the job she wants - she's a very determined person.

eager adjective /ˈiː.gər/ buzgó, lelkes

She sounded very eager to meet you.

They crowded round the spokesperson, eager for any news.

heroic adjective /hɪˈrəʊ.ɪk/ 2 hősies (elszánt) (pl. erőfeszítés)

In spite of England's heroic efforts, they lost the match.

keen adjective /kiːn/ 2 buzgó (rámenős, igyekvő) (nagyon akar vmit)

The shop is keen to attract new customers.

persistent adjective /pəˈsɪs.tənt/ makacs, makacsul kitartó (ember, fájdalom, eső, stb.), szívós

He can be very persistent when he wants something.

consistently adverb /kənˈsɪs.tənt.li/ következetesen

He has consistently denied the rumours.

She performed consistently throughout the whole tournament.

desperately adverb /ˈdes.pər.ət.li/ 2 mindenre elszántan, kétségbeesetten

They fought desperately for their lives.

eagerly adverb /ˈiː.gə.li/ buzgón, türelmetlenül

They eagerly accepted my offer of hospitality.

hard adverb /hɑːd/ 1 keményen, szorgalmasan

She tried very hard but she wasn't quite fast enough.

You'll have to work harder, if you want to pass this exam.

Phrasal verbs:

cling (on) to sth /klɪŋ/ ragaszkodik vmihez (pl. hatalomhoz); kitart (elképzelés mellett)

He clung on to power for ten more years.

insist on sth /ɪnˈsɪst/ nem tágít, makacsul ragaszkodik vmihez

She insists on cooking all her own meals.

Frank insisted on doing all the work himself.

keep to sth /kiːp/ marad vminél, tartja magát vmihez (tervhez, témához, útvonalhoz, stb.)

We must keep to the agenda or the meeting will take too long.

I wish you'd keep to the point!

She kept to the main roads and was home before dark.

keep up ↔ sth /kiːp/ fenntart vmit (nem engedi lejjebb a szintet)

Keep up the good work!

Make sure you eat properly - you've got to keep your strength up.

press on /pres/ eltökélten megy tovább/folytat vmit, nyomul/nyomja tovább

It was pouring with rain but we pressed on towards the village.

stick to sth /stɪk/ ragaszkodik vmihez; szorítkozik vmire

Could you stick to the point, please?

We'd better stick to the main road, because the other roads are blocked with snow.

I'll stick to orange juice as I'm driving.

stick with sth/sb /stɪk/ kitart/marad vmi/vki mellett (nem változtat) (informal)

He said that he was going to stick with the traditions established by his grandfather.

He's a good car mechanic - I think we should stick with him.

Phrases and idioms:

at all costs minden áron

We have to succeed at all costs.

at any price mindenáron

She wanted the job at any price.

be intent on sth/doing sth elszánt vmire

She seems intent on winning this year's tennis tournament.

body and soul szívvel-lélekkel

They entered into the relationship body and soul.

get/have your (own) way keresztülviszi az akaratát

She always gets her own way in the end.

grit your teeth összeszorítja a fogát (elszántan csinál vmit)

I don't particularly enjoy running, but I grit my teeth and do it in order to keep fit.

hold your own megállja a helyét (vkivel/vmivel szemben), kitart

Alison could always hold her own in political debates.

put your foot down sarkára áll (erélyesen lép fel)

I decided to put my foot down with my staff and insist that they do not send personal emails in work time.

put your mind to sth elszánja magát vmire

You could win if you put your mind to it.

stand your ground kitart álláspontja mellett, nem enged a véleményéből

They tried to make me accept a lower wage, but I stood my ground.

stop at nothing semmi nem állíthatja meg

He will stop at nothing to get what he wants.

through thick and thin tűzön-vízen át, jóban-rosszban (minden körülmények között)

She'd stuck by Neil through thick and thin.

to/till/until the bitter end végsőkig

I was determined to go on until the bitter end.

8. lecke (A1) – 20. lecke (A2) – 44. lecke (B1) – 71. lecke (B2) – 93. lecke (C1) – 113. lecke (C2)