5. Hozzáférés, foglaltság A1C2 (48) – altémák

1. Hozzáférhető, szabad (23) 2. Elzárt, foglalt (25)

block verb /blɒk/ [T] 1 eltorlaszol (átjutást)

A fallen tree is blocking the road.

close verb /kləʊz/ 1 becsuk (vmit); becsukódik [I or T]

Could you close the door/window please?

Close your eyes - I've got a surprise for you.

enclose verb /ɪnˈkləʊz/ [T] 2 bezár; bekerít

The house is enclosed by a six-foot wall.

an enclosed area

exclude verb /ɪksˈkluːd/ [T] 1 kizár, kirekeszt (nem enged be vhova/részt venni vmiben/lehetőséget)

Women are still excluded from the club.

lock verb /lɒk/ bezár (kulccsal), lezár [I or T]

Don't forget to lock the door when you go out.

If you shut the door, it will lock automatically.

occupy verb /ˈɒk.jʊ.paɪ/ [T] 1 elfoglal, elvesz (időt/helyet)

His book collection occupies most of the room.

All the seats were occupied.

The babies seem to occupy all our time.

reserve verb /rɪˈzɜːv/ [T] 2 fenntart vmire (kizárólagos használatra) [often passive]

This space is reserved for ambulances only.

These seats are reserved for the elderly and women with babies.

shut verb /ʃʌt/ [I or T] *(shutting, shut, shut) 1 becsuk; becsukódik (pl. ajtó, ablak, szem, stb.)

Please shut the gate.

I've got a surprise for you! Shut your eyes tightly and hold out your hand.

Mary shut her book and put it down on the table.

This window won't shut properly.

bar noun /bɑːr/ [C] 4 akadály

Lack of money should not be a bar to a good education.

block noun /blɒk/ [C] 4 akadály

His personality is a major block to reaching an agreement.

Lack of money has been the main stumbling block.

closed adjective /kləʊzd/ 1 zárt, bezárt (nem nyitott)

The door was closed.

Her eyes were closed so I thought she was asleep.

engaged adjective /ɪnˈgeɪdʒd/ 2 foglalt (vki más használja, pl. telefon, WC)

Every time I ring her, the number is engaged.

The sign on the toilet door said 'Engaged'.

shut adjective /ʃʌt/ [never before noun] 1 be van zárva (pl. ajtó, ablak)

I suspected something was wrong when I noticed her curtains were still shut at lunchtime.

Phrasal verbs:

close off ↔ sth /kləʊz/ elzár, lezár vmit (pl. bejáratot/bejárást vhova)

Police quickly closed off the area.

cut off ↔ sb/sth /kʌt/ 2 elvág (a külvilágtól) [often passive]

The whole village was cut off by flooding.

hold sb/sth back /həʊld/ 1 visszatart/feltartóztat vkit/vmit (nem enged tovább)

The police held back the protesters.

keep (sb/sth) away /kiːp/ távol tart vkit (nem enged oda/közelébe); távol tartja magát (nem megy oda/közelébe)

I told them to keep away from the edge of the cliff.

keep (sb/sth) back /kiːp/ távol marad vmitől (nem megy a közelébe); visszatart vkit/vmit

The police struggled to keep the crowd back.

keep (sb/sth) off sth /kiːp/ távol tart vkit vmitől (nem enged be/rá); távol marad vmitől (nem megy be/rá)

Keep off the grass.

keep sth off (sb/sth) /kiːp/ távol tart vmit (vkitől/vmitől) (nem érintheti/károsíthatja)

He put a cloth over the food to keep the flies off.

lock in ↔ sb /lɒk/ bezár vkit (pl. egy szobába)

As a punishment she would take him up to his bedroom and lock him in.

lock out ↔ sb /lɒk/ kizár vkit (pl. a házból)

He broke into the house because his girlfriend had locked him out.

I can't believe I've locked myself out again!

take up ↔ sth /teɪk/ 1 igénybe vesz (helyet/időt)

This desk takes up too much room.

The children take up most of my time.

Phrases and idioms:

lock sth/sb away/in, etc. elzár vmit vhova, becsuk vmit/vkit vhova

She locked herself in her bedroom.

Most of my jewellery is locked away in a safe.

off limits elzárt terület; tilos a belépés

Most of the palace is off limits to the public.

5. lecke (A1) – 15. lecke (A2) – 32. lecke (B1) – 58. lecke (B2) – 86. lecke (C1) – 105. lecke (C2)