1. Létezés, megszűnés, keresés A1C2 (143) – altémák

1. Keletkezik, feltűnik (42) 2. Van, létezik (23) 3. Megszűnik, eltűnik (50) 4. Keres, talál (28)

be verb /biː/ *(being, was, been) van, valaki/valami valahol van

He's in the garden.

Are you there?

I'm here!

The plates are in this cupboard.

Where is that letter?

constitute verb /ˈkɒn.stɪt.juːt/ [T] alkot, képez vmit; jelent vmit

This defeat constitutes a real setback for their championship hopes.

exist verb /ɪgˈzɪst/ [I] 1 létezik

Poverty still exists in this country.

Ghosts don't exist anyway.

maintain verb /meɪnˈteɪn/ [T] 1 fenntart (helyzetet/tevékenységet) (rendet, kapcsolatot, stb.)

The army has been brought in to maintain order in the region.

We have standards to maintain.

The two countries have maintained close links over the years.

persist verb /pəˈsɪst/ [I] 1 nem múlik el (kellemetlen érzés/helyzet) (tünet, fájdalom, stb.)

If symptoms persist, consult a doctor.

preserve verb /prɪˈzɜːv/ [T] megóv vmit; konzervál (élelmiszert)

to preserve the environment

We want to preserve the character of the town while improving the facilities.

sustain verb /səˈsteɪn/ [T] 2 fenntart, megőriz; életben tart

The money he received was hardly enough to sustain a wife and five children.

conservation noun /ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/ [U] 2 megőrzés

Our top priority is conservation of water.

existence noun /ɪgˈzɪs.tənts/ 1 létezés [U]

Many people question the existence of God.

The theatre company that they started is still in existence today.

Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence.

presence noun /ˈprez.ənts/ 1 jelenlét, előfordulás (a jelenléte vkinek/vminek) [no plural]

She was anxious about the presence of so many people.

Tests revealed the presence of poison in the blood.

He's usually quite polite in my presence.

The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses.

preservation noun /ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ [U] megóvás (környezeté, békéé, stb.); konzerválás (élelmiszeré)

the preservation of peace

the preservation of wildlife

sustainability noun /səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [U] fenntarthatóság

We have to think about the sustainability of these energy sources.

alive adjective /əˈlaɪv/ [never before noun] 3 tovább élő (továbbra is létező)

Local people are fighting to keep the language alive.

available adjective /əˈveɪ.lə.bl̩/ 1 kapható, hozzáférhető

Do you have any double rooms available this weekend?

Is this dress available in a larger size?

This information is readily/freely available on the Internet.

There's no money available for an office party this year.

concrete adjective /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/ 2 konkrét (valós, kézzelfogható, létező)

concrete achievements/actions

concrete objects

existing adjective /ɪgˈzɪs.tɪŋ/ [always before noun] létező, fennálló

The existing church was built in the sixteenth century.

The existing laws are inadequate.

present adjective /ˈprez.ənt/ [never before noun] jelenlevő; jelenlegi

The whole family was present.

There were no children present.

ready adjective /ˈred.i/ 2 kész, elkészült (használható, ehető, stb.) [never before noun]

Is dinner ready?

They're building new offices, but they won't be ready till next year.

I'll get lunch ready for midday.

Could you have dinner ready for when we get back?

sustainable adjective /səˈsteɪ.nə.bl̩/ 1 fenntartható (hosszú ideig folytatható) (növekedés, fejlődés, stb.)

sustainable development/growth

around adverb /əˈraʊnd/ 4 jelen van (létezik vmi, elérhető/megszerezhető vmi, stb.)

Mobile phones have been around for years now.

Phrases and idioms:

be found található

Many plant and animal species are found only in the rainforests.

here you are/here it is, etc. itt van (végre) (amire/akire várt, amit keresett, stb.) (nyomatékosítás)

Here she is at last.

Here's our bus.

I've lost my watch - oh, here it is.

there is/are/was, etc. van, vannak/volt/stb. (létezés, történés kifejezése)

There are three bedrooms.

There's a shop at the end of the road.

There was a good programme on TV last night.

There's not much room in the back of the car.

There have been a lot of accidents on this road.

Is there any milk?

2. lecke (A1) – 10. lecke (A2) – 23. lecke (B1) – 50. lecke (B2) – 81. lecke (C1) – 99. lecke (C2)