1. Betegség B2 (40) – altémák

Betegség* (40)

ache verb /eɪk/ [I] fáj, fájdalmat érez (tartósan)

My head/tooth/back aches.

I ache/I'm aching all over.

collapse verb /kəˈlæps/ [I] 2 összeesik (ember)

He collapsed and died of a heart attack.

develop verb /dɪˈvel.əp/ 3 (betegséget) kap; felvesz (szokást) [I or T]

The study showed that one in twelve women is likely to develop breast cancer.

She's developed some very strange habits lately.

faint verb /feɪnt/ [I] elájul

He faints at the sight of blood.

I nearly fainted in the heat.

addict noun /ˈæd.ɪkt/ [C] függő, káros szenvedély rabja (!)

a drug/heroin addict

a gambling addict

I'm a chocolate/shopping addict.

addiction noun /əˈdɪk.ʃən/ [C or U] függőség (!)

drug addiction

an addiction to alcohol

His addiction to computer games means he is spending far too much time indoors.

breakdown noun /ˈbreɪk.daʊn/ [C] 1 ideg-összeroppanás, idegösszeomlás

Later that year she had a breakdown.

a nervous breakdown

bug noun /bʌg/ [C] 2 enyhe vírus

I had a stomach bug last week.

There's a bug going around.

cemetery noun /ˈsem.ə.tri/ [C] temető

She went to the cemetery where her grandfather was buried.

condition noun /kənˈdɪʃ.ən/ 2 betegség [C]

a medical condition

He suffers from a rare heart condition.

consciousness noun /ˈkɒn.tʃə.snəs/ 1 eszmélet [U]

He lost consciousness for several minutes.

He never regained consciousness after the accident.

depression noun /dɪˈpreʃ.ən/ [C or U] 1 lehangoltság; depresszió

If you suffer from depression, it's best to get professional help.

disability noun /ˌdɪs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [C or U] rokkantság, (testi/szellemi) fogyatékosság

a physical/learning disability

Trying to change attitudes to disability is a real struggle.

funeral noun /ˈfjuː.nər.əl/ [C] temetés

The funeral will be held next Friday.

Over 300 people attended the funeral.

grave noun /greɪv/ [C] sír

an unmarked grave

illness noun /ˈɪl.nəs/ 2 betegség (beteg állapot) [U]

She had five days off work due to illness.

infection noun /ɪnˈfek.ʃən/ [C or U] fertőzés (vírus-, baktérium-, stb.)

a serious infection

a throat infection

Bandage the wound to reduce the risk of infection.

loss noun /lɒs/ 2 elvesztés (a halála vkinek) [C or U] (!)

They never got over the loss of their son.

obsession noun /əbˈseʃ.ən/ [C or U] megszállottság, rögeszme

an unhealthy obsession with death

her chocolate obsession

He's always wanted to find his natural mother but recently it's become an obsession.

reaction noun /riˈæk.ʃən/ [C] 2 (beteges) reakció (gyógyszerre, ételre, stb.)

A number of people have had a bad reaction to this drug.

sickness noun /ˈsɪk.nəs/ [U] betegség; émelygés

There's a lot of sickness around this winter.

She's had three weeks off for sickness this year.

stroke noun /strəʊk/ [C] 1 agyvérzés

She suffered/had a stroke which left her unable to speak.

suicide noun /ˈsuː.ɪ.saɪd/ [C or U] öngyilkosság (!)

to attempt/commit suicide

The suicide rate among men between the ages of 16 and 25 has risen alarmingly.

Many suicides occur in prisons.

symptom noun /ˈsɪmp.təm/ [C] 1 tünet (betegségé)

He's complaining of all the usual flu symptoms - a high temperature, headache and so on.

tomb noun /tuːm/ [C] sír, síremlék

He is buried in a tomb.

virus noun /ˈvaɪə.rəs/ [C] 2 vírus (betegséget okozó)

a flu virus

I don't know exactly what's wrong with her - I think it's some sort of virus.

addicted adjective /əˈdɪk.tɪd/ 1 függő (szenvedélybeteg)

He later became addicted to heroin.

deadly adjective /ˈded.li/ halálos (halált okozó)

a deadly virus

a deadly weapon

dizzy adjective /ˈdɪz.i/ szédülő, szédült; szédítő

Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel dizzy and light-headed.

I felt quite dizzy with excitement as I went up to collect the award.

drunk adjective /drʌŋk/ [never before noun] részeg, ittas (!)

He got very drunk at my sister's wedding.

I'd had a glass of wine but I certainly wasn't drunk.

He came home last night blind drunk.

fatal adjective /ˈfeɪ.təl/ 1 halálos (betegség, baleset, stb.)

This illness is fatal in almost all cases.

the fatal shooting of an unarmed 15-year-old

swollen adjective /ˈswəʊ.lən/ megdagadt, feldagadt

a bruised, swollen face

unconscious adjective /ʌnˈkɒn.tʃəs/ 1 eszméletlen (öntudatlan, ájult)

She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked unconscious.

Phrasal verbs:

come down with sth /kʌm/ vmivel ágynak esik, vmiben megbetegszik

The whole family came down with food poisoning.

go down with sth /gəʊ/ megkap, elkap (betegséget)

All of us who swam that day have gone down with heavy colds.

pass away /pɑːs/ elhuny

She passed away peacefully in her sleep.

pass out /pɑːs/ elájul

The heat was too much for me and I passed out.

throw up ↔ (sth) /θrəʊ/ kihány (megevett ételt) (informal)

I spent the night throwing up.

He threw up his breakfast all over the back seat of the car.

Phrases and idioms:

lose your life életét veszti

Millions of young men lost their lives in the war.

upset stomach gyomorrontás

I had an upset stomach after I ate that fish.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Fájdalom, kimerültség, szenvedés

2. lecke (A1) – 10. lecke (A2) – 24. lecke (B1) – 51. lecke (B2) – 82. lecke (C1) – 100. lecke (C2)